world have had varying experiences regarding the political dispensation at different times. Some of the societies in the past show records of influential women in various positions such as priesthood, warriors, writers, and political leaders. However, there exists the contrary documentation in some cultures where women were portrayed as second-rate beings with no capacity to control their desires for luxuries and spending. Early writings provide the imperative evidence of worthy and flourishing females such as Cleopatra, Boudicca, and Esther who made significant and notable contributions to their respective societies as able leaders. Similarly, it is recorded that the first poem that ever survived to the present day era was written by a woman called Enheduanna, who served as the priestess in the early Sumerian civilization.
Enheduanna’s poem was the praise or the prayer that was dedicated to a female deity known as Innana. On the other hand, the Roman culture defined the women’s role of home keepers who were not expected to engage in the political affairs of the state. Similar to the Roman practice, the Greek state of democracy did not free women to participate in the electoral process. Therefore, women were not involved in any step of the process of electing officials.However, in some societies like the Celtic culture of Gaul, which is presently France and the British Isles, women were allowed to become warriors alongside men, and it is asserted that they showed their strength through the fierceness of their attacks on the battlefield.
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Additionally, around the first and second centuries AD, in early Christian churches like the Gnostic Christianity, it is recorded that there were female bishops who served big roles in their communities. Considerable changes to these old practices developed, however, which saw women lose their strength and humanity in the face of the society that they once served in. The role had transformed to mainly homemaking and nothing else. The woman had one role and that was in the home.
Across Europe and America, there was the substantial opposition against females having property or even running businesses. They were forced into political marriages upon which all their possessions would be transferred to their husbands. The laws that escalated women’s chastity expectations were formalized, and the offenders would often face harsh and extreme criminal punishment and social ostracism. The religious conventions, on the other side, played a vital role in propagating women’s bondage through labeling them as the authors of the original sin. The ideology was associated with the Republicanism, which then stated that females were the weaker sex that lacked self-reliance, bravery, physical strength, and independence.
It was argued that such attributes were exclusively masculine and could not be owned by women who were characterized as selfish and frivolous beings who could not control their hunger for luxuries and carnal appetites. These practices continued for centuries until some light began to shed in the early 19th century as women
