CHAPTER TWO: DATA ANALYSES AND INTERPRETATION.Introduction:In the field of instruction, the integration of technologies is considered as aConceptual revolution and an innovative practical tool in EFL classroom. Regarding the educational system in Algeria, different methods and techniques are already adopted to pave the way towards improving the teaching/learning process particularly assisting the EFL learners.
The present study aims to identify the need of integrating computer technology and smart phone in EFL classroom to enhance language learning . ,this chapter is designed to analyze the data obtained from both EFL teachers and learners ,of Master one students at Abdelhamid Ibn Badis Mostaganem University ,As for the main objective behind this investigating, it is to spot the light on the use of computer and smart phone in enhancing language learning ,Therefore, knowing the importance of using computer technology and Smart phone as a pedagogical strategy by teachers and students is essential.First of all, This chapter will focus on methodology and followed by a full description of the data collection . To do so, teachers’ interview and students’ questionnaire will be use as instruments in this study to Analyze the obtained data, Finally,it concludes with the discussion and interpretation of the main results. 1.Methodology :Any research design is a step to move on something practical, in this section we combining both teacher interview and students questionnaire to help to seek more reliable and valid results, ,so that data can be representative of a true and full picture of integrating computer and smart phone in EFL classroom.
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1.1:Description Students’ Questionnaire : A self-completion questionnaire was selected as a method for investigating the views of First year Master students of English at Abdelhamid Ibn badis -Mostaganem University . The choice of this method was determined by reasons ., First, within the limited time framework of the study, the questionnaire method allows the researcher to gather more data , Second, the questionnaire helps to validate the research study and to make it more reliable.finally to give the students an opportunity to give their opinions concerning the use of computer technology and Smartphone in the classroom as a tool to enhance their language learning., The questionnaire is composed of ten(10) questions dispersed over three parts. The first part contains background information about the students; their gender and age, The second part involves (5) questions concerning student’s perception about the use of computer technology and smart phone inside the classroom , Part three, consisting of (5) questions deals with Student’s perceptions towards the use of computer technology and smart phone to enhance English language learning.
Moreover, Data collected from this questionnaire are either of closed-form type with some need justification, or open-ended questions.1.2 Sample population: In this current study, our population is first year Master students at university of Abdelhamid Ibn Badis Mostaganem- during the academic year 2017/2018. A total of (50) students.1.3:Description of Teacher’ Interview : Another procedure is used here in the sake of providing more support and in-depth descriptions for our variables hypothesized at the beginning of this work; which is a structured interview that is held with (4) teachers.
This interview consists of eleven(11) questions divided into three main sections,First, devotes to get background information about the chosen sample of teachers ,second part entitled teacher´s attitudes towards the use of computer technology and Smartphone.The Third part,is about teacher’s perceptions about the use of computer and smart phone as tools for enhancing the language learning1.4: Sample population: The sample consists of (4) teachers of Abdelhamid Ibn Badis university_Mostaganem , The selection of such sample was based on the consideration that teachers will benefit us more since they teach essentially students how to develop their skills and enhance their language learning , which are our concern.
Since teachers are familiar with this type of studies, all that we can say is that this interview was administered to our sample selected randomly . The interview took place in a free classroom at the Department of English, .Our interviewee was kind and has cooperated so much with us.2. The research procedures and results analysis:2.1 The Questionnaire Results’ Analysis:The number of the students who participated in the study is 50 students, that is to say the whole sample (100%).Part one: Background Information.
specify your gender. This table will reveal that female students are more than male .In fact,the examiner has recorded just nineteen male (38%) subjects out of total fifty (100%),whereas the rest is of a female sex,that is thirty one(62%) are female subjects.This adds nothing to work except that girls are to be more interested in using Smart phones and computer tools.Options Male Female TotalNumber 19 31 50Percentage 38% 62% 100% Students’ gender.Part two: student’s perception about the use of computer technology and smart phone inside the classroom.Question 1:Have you ever used the computer or smart phone inside the classroom?Option Number PercantageYes 41 82%No 9 18%Total 50 100%.
This question was designed to quantify the number of students who either used the computer and smartphone inside the class or not. The majority of our participants (41) students (82 %) said that they have used the computer and smartphone While (09) (18%) of them said no.Question2: Have you been taught a computing course before entering the secondary school?.Option Number PercantageYes 20 40%No 30 60%Total 50 100% Through out this table , it is revealed that (30)students (60%) claimed that they haven’t been taught computing courses before entering the secondary school.This means that the idea of using a computer in the educational process is still lagging behind. On other hand, (20) students (40%) react positively.
Question n°03: Does your teacher use textbook as his/her main teaching material?Options Number PercentageYes 40 80%No 10 20%It is obvious that out of (40) students (80%) claimed that their teacher use the textbook as it is the main material. While (10) students (20%) answer negatively.The highest rate represented in the table (80%) is of the students who said that textbook is the main material for their teacher. While (10%) said the opposite.Question n°04: Do you think it is easier for you to learn the English language using a computer or smart phone than using books? If yes or no, please state why?Option Number PercentageYes 35 70%No 15 30%Total 50 100% According to the results shown in this table, we find that (35) students (70%) saw that learning English by using computer and their mobiles is easier than books. While (15) students (30%) saw that textbooks are the main source of learning English at this level.
Those who answered positively said that a computer is an unlimited world,and smartphone is great tool we can learn many things in a small period of time, and feeling autonomous when using both of them. Communicating with native speakers makes us learn the language easily, rapidly and spontaneously.Question n°05: Does video chat using phones help you to improve your speaking skills?Option Number PercentageYes 46 70%No 4 30%Total 50 100% Results shown that 46 students (70%) said that using phone video chat will improve their speaking skills while 4 students (4%) ,react negatively .Part three:Student’s perceptions towards the use of computer technology and smart phone to enhance English language learning .
Question n°06: do you think using computer technology or Smart phone would facilitate learning or would encourage laziness?Option Number PercentageEnhance learning 25 50%Encourage laziness 25 50%Total 50 100% We submitted this question to find out the student’s opinion about the use of computer technology and Smart phone inside the classroom, the results shown that all the students think that using computer technology or Smart phone will enhance learning.and encourage laziness in the same time .Question n°07: Do you find it easier to use the phone with its applications, like video chat ,dictionaries and games, for learning languages?Option Number PercentageYes 40 80%No 3 6% It depends 7 14%In this question about students’ opinion about the use of Smart phone with its applications is easier for learning languages ,the majority of M1 students (80%) claimed that using phone is easier for learning languages, while (6%) said the opposite and (14%) of them respond it depends.Question n°08: How can you describe the benefits of using this technologies to improve your English language level?The answers of these questions were almost the same ,the benefits of using Smart phone and computer technology according to M1 students it is a good way for them because it gives them more opportunities to learn languages easier and improves their four skills with different techniques in one device audio ,visual..
Question n°09: Do you agree to utilize computer technologies and smartphones in classroom and use it as a supporting means to enhance your language learning.?Option Number PercentageAgree 39 78%Disagree 02 04Neutral 09 18%Total 50 100% As it is shown in the above table, 39 students (78%) agree that utilizing computer technology and smart phone inside the classroom can help them to enhance their language learning , While, 09 of them (18%) were neutral and 02 students disagree about this expectation.Question n°10: Do you think that teachers should change their traditional teaching way and allow the use of computer technology and smartphone as a main teaching tool?By this question,the researcher wanted to know EFL students’ opinion about teachers ways of teaching Option Number PercentageYes 44 88%No 06 12%Total 50 100% Exchange the traditional way by Computer Technology and smart phone. The table above indicates that most of the students 44 representing 88% accept the idea that teachers should change the traditional teaching way and adopt the computer and smart phone as it is the main materials, while 06 students representing 12% do not accept it. The results imply that teaching with the new technology will raise students’ motivation to learn the English language. This is because the computer and smart phone provides them with the opportunity to learn new vocabularies, correct pronunciation, exchange ideas and helps them learn better.2.
2 :Analysis of Teachers’ Interview :The interview is addressed to four EFL teachers of Abdelhamid Ibn Badis university of Mostaganem , it mainly aims at reporting their opinions concerning the use of computer technology and Smart phone inside the classroom classes.In addition to that, its basic purpose is to show their perceptions and attitudes and reactions about computer and smart phone as a teaching materials inside the classroom.This interview includes Eleven questions that will be analysed and presentedas bellow.
The first part, consists of three (03) questions ,concerning teacher’s background. The second part, composed of three (03) questions , concerning teacher’s attitudes towards the use of computer technology and Smartphone.The last part, collected of five (05) questions, emphasizing teacher’s perception about the use of computer and smartphone as a tool for enhancing the language learning.
Question n° 01: How many years have you been teaching English?Options Number Percentage1-3 years 01 25%4-5 years 00 00%7-9 years 00 00%10-12 years 02 50%More than 12 years 01 25%Total 04 100% Teaching Experience.The table above show that 01 teacher (25%) of the population of the study had an experience of less than 05 years. Whereas, 02 teachers represent (50%) of the respondents had an experience of more than 07 years but less than 12 years. While 01 teacher (25%) had a teaching experience for more than 12 years. According to the Ministery of Education that 32 years is the teaching life time for teachers. So, we noticed that all teachers are still in the first half of their teaching career.
Question n°02: What are the most frequent obstacles you face during your teaching session?The aim of asking such a question is to show that the most frequent difficulties and problems that impede teachers to achieve their objectives which are improve the student’s level.All the 4 teachers (100%) claimed that lack of students motivation and they are not regular in their work is the first obstacle we faced during our teaching session, In addition, 02 teachers (50%) said that they face difficulty in transmitting the information because there is a huge variety between students (prior knowledge). 01 teacher (25%) considers time as an obstacle because lack of time make us in hurry and sometimes we forgot to mention the main point of the lesson.
one teacher added that it depends on the module and related to the specialty and that will take much time and effort. Question n°03: what do you have to achieve by being a teacher ?The aim behind this question is to know the EFl teacher goal by being a teacher .One teacher (1) said that ,is to deliver my lecture to research academic aims, two teachers (2) answered that to make the level of my students very high ,one teacher (1) said that to teach and made my students love teaching.Part two: teacher´s attitudes towards the use of computer technology and Smartphone.Question n°04: Have you ever had a teaching experience with computer? Option Number PercentageYes 02 50%No 02 50%Total 04 100% The answers given to this item shown that ( 2) Teachers claimed that they have experience with computer technology in classroom. And one (1)teacher said sometimes ,and one teacher (1) said not really because of lack of materials and internet connection .
Questionn°05: Does video chat using phones help your students to improve their speaking skills??This was an open question for EFL teachers to show their views about using phones will help their students to improve their speaking skills ,two Teachers (2) stated that using video chat phones it can help students to improve their speaking skills,one teacher (1) think that video chat phones are not really great solution to improve students speaking skills because they are not correctly connected they keep in the same mistake ,while one (1) teacher said I don’t think so .Question n°06: Have you ever asked your students to present an expose or research with computer technology?if yes say why ?Option Number PercentageYes 04 100%No 00 00Total 04 100% All the (4) teachers answered that they ask their students to present an expose with computer technology, because students are more motivated by visual things which give them a chance and encourage them to know more and enhance their learning, in addition computer technology is very useful original and practical it helps us to facilitate and creates an enjoyable environment . In addition to this, students prefer the use of the new technology to present their research since they find it easy, adequate and more practicable. We notice that this question is an answer for our hypothesis, that the integration of computer will enhance language learning.Part three: teacher’s perceptions about the use of computer and smart phone as tools for enhancing the language learning.Question n°07: Do you think that using computer technology or smart phone would facilitate teaching or would encourage laziness?Option Number PercentageEnhance learning 4 100%Encourage laziness 4 100%Total 4 100% For this question, we noticed that all the teachers (4) think that using smart phone and computer technology as tools to enhance language learning and also encourage laziness in the same time.
Question n°08: Do you find it easier to use the phone with its applications, like video chat, dictionaries and games, as a tool for teaching languages?.The answers for this question was all yes ,teachers said that it is easier because they use it all the time in their daily life ,they check dictionary and search some information ,but all with limitations as one teacher said yes but with limitation.Question n°09: Do you agree to utilize computer technologies and smartphones in classroom and use it as a supporting means to enhance your students language learning.?Option NumberAgree 03Nuetral 01Disagree 00Total 04 (3 )of teachers agree the idea of utilizing the computer and smart phone in classroom to enhance their students language learning ,with 0 disagreement and (1) neutral .Question n°10: Do you think that you as a teacher should change your traditional teaching way and allow the use of computer technology and smartphone as a main teaching tool?Option NumberYes 01No 01Prefer both 02 Total 04The aim behind this question is to know whether EFL teachers can change their traditional way of teaching with the new way by using some technologies,the answers were so different (1 ) teacher said yes I prefer the new one because it creates a great atmosphere for teaching, while (1) teacher said the opposite she prefer to continue with the traditional method ,in addition ,( 2 )two teachers prefer both of them .
Question n°11: Do you feel that you have had an impact on the students that you’ve taught.?The researcher asked this question in order to know if teachers feel that they have an impact on their students that they’ve taught or not , and the answers were all to me just one of teachers who said yes I do ,I m absolutely have an impact on my students while (3) teachers prefer to not answer to this question they gave the word to me because they do not really know if they really have had an impact on us or not , and I responded of course.Conclusion: In this chapter ,we have attempted to analyse, present and discuss the findings of the main data gathered through two different research tools, First, studying and analyzing findings of students’questionnaires were discussed, The analysis of the questionnaires guided us and gave a clear answers to confirm our hypothesis ,Then,analysis of the data gathered from the teachers’ interview were presented, which aimed to check the teacher’s perceptions about the use of computer technology and smart phone as a tool for enhancing the language learning and their opinions towards the use of computer and smart phone by EFL learners inside the classroom .The results of this study reveals that using smart phone and computer technology inside the classroom is an important solution to enhance students language learning and helps teachers to enhance their teaching languages .As a conclusion, it is obvious that using Smartphone and Computer technology inside EFL classroom introduce something new to learning and teaching foreign languageand this requires new roles for both the learner and the teacher, and also for the computer as a main teaching tool for teachers and Smartphone as main solution for learners .
So using computer and Smartphone leads to new pedagogical changes which create new pedagogical roles.Thus, on the basis of the results obtained,the next chapter will be devoted tosome suggestions and recommendations which attract both students and teachers to the need of integrating computer technology and Smartphone in the EFL classroom as a tool to enhance language learning.
