What is design? The word design we know today is used by authors, designers, users and many more in variety of different meanings.
Every products were undoubtedly designed by somebody for somebody, where people are using in their daily life. Lately, the word design became very popular and it is applied to a wide range of activities and various outcomes which has nothing to do with design anymore. That causes the term design and designing to be overused and often totally misused. From houses people live in, the clothes they wear to the magazines they read, everything was designed, so what is the origins of designs? According to Flusser, design is defined as follows (Flusser 1999)Design/noun/intention, plan, intent, aim, scheme, plot, motif, basic structure being connected with cunning and deception.Designing/verb/(to design) concoct sometimes, to stimulate, to draft, to sketch, to fashion, to have designs on something.The history of design can be described more as a process of layering, in which new developments are added over time to what already exists. This layering is a dynamic interaction in which each new innovative stage changes the role, significance and function of what survives.
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(Heskett 1995) He also claims that design being unique and unchanging human capability has manifested through history. The human capacity has then remained ceaseless but his method have altered, parallel to the technological and cultural changes. These altering methods has concluded with the differences and development in product design history.As a designer we need to we need to think about how we can create different relationship our work and the world. “I think everybody agrees that as designers, we bring value to the users and also to the business, but I think it’s the values that we put into these projects that ultimately create a greater value.
” (Yves Behar TED 2008) The value we bring can be anything, they can be about functions and beauty or about business strategy. But most importantly designers are the glue that brings these things together to create value fit the people’s need.Think like designers, Human-Centered design:”Let’s figure out what people want.” (Timothy Prestero TEDxBoston 2012)Bryan Lawson, the author of the book name “How designers think” claims that the “design is too complex to be summarized to less that a book” (Lawson 2005)Flusser in his book”The shape of things” set out artful and misleading aspects of the word designs. Words like design, machine, technology, are and art are according to him related to one another because of their observation from the same existential view of the world (Flusser 1999)Design is a process of change through intervention, but it is not limited to only professional designers or neither technology because people do it all the time. Nevertheless, Victor Papanek argues that “all men are designers, with everything that they do almost all the time are designing” (Papanek 1977).
“Don’t do things today that make tomorrow worse. ” Nathan ShedfoffTraditionally, design was focused on appearance, nowadays it is starting to be more concerned also on understanding, communication, emotion and finally meaning (Shedroff 2009) What is the aim of design then? Design should offer better solutions. Design should be innovative. Design may not be destructive. Unfortunately, today’s perfect design artifacts became with progress less valuable, they become disposable gadgets (Flusser 1999).
With the empathy in the first stage of design process ID design thinking approach to understand the problem within the context of design, but with observation in their environment give clues to what they really need.”The only important thing about design is how it relates to people.” Victor PapanekWith the Impact of design, problems or challenges, we all face them but in different ways. Some of us passionately wants to change the way things are to make the world a better place by investing ourself and helping people flourish it. To respond to the challenges and problem, this can be approach in many different ways.To take on challenge with awareness and intentionally moves us to the realm of design. So the solve and find a solution to a design challenges requires a measure of impact to considered a success, impact design is an approach to considered in design, which sometime is also known as design thinking.
The world has evolves toward the lifestyles that the global era are experiencing the use of multinational tools and appliances which it has become almost a common norm. This tendency in the world has a considerable effect on the design of products. “The fundamental problem is that designers are obliged to use current information to predict a future state that will not come about unless their predictions is correct.
“(Jones 2009)#1Tools are define as “something that you hold in your hand and use to do particular job” and hand tools as “a tool that does not use electricity” whereas it defines appliances as “a pieces of equipment, especially electrical one, used in people’s homes” and product as “something that is grown or made in a factory in large quantities, usually in order to be sold” (Longman Dictionary, 2006)between culture and communication in package design. The Journal of Brand Management, 2001. Februari 2001. between culture and communication in package design. The Journal of Brand Management, 2001.
Februari 2001. between culture and communication in package design. The Journal of Brand Management, 2001. Februari 2001. Cultural diversity is reflected in differences between products, product forms and other things which has reflected on different products people use. The product with similar functionality people use and the different ways people use the product.
Therefore it is essential for the industrial design education and profession to take the context and culture of the end-users more serious. This is because there is an emerging interest in the impact of cultural dimensions on the experience and interaction between people and products.In different part of the world where the food culture is different, kitchen and the tools are design then develop to fit the different culture they belong to. Furthermore, each and every territory has their own special beliefs and traditions of cooking and food taking.1.7 million years ago there have been human beings on earth. In order to survive, as any living organism he needed to eat food as it provide energy, to maintain life and stimulate growth.
Preparation of food for eating is a special privilege of human and requires the selection, measurement and combing of ingredients in an ordered procedure (Wilson 2012). Kitchen today takes place in the kitchen with the help of simple kitchen tools, different type of manual and other complex kitchen robots or machines. People are the only creatures that uses heat to prepare food, since the discovery of fire million years ago. Until around 18th Century food was cooked over an open fire.
(Mielke 2005) The fire place in different version existed for thousands of year and still it is today. In the same level with evolution of kitchen was an evolution of cooking tools. The invention of cooking stove and water infrastructure changed the architecture of the kitchen as we know today.Kitchen/noun/A room or area where food is prepared and cooked (Oxford Dictionaries)The human kind’s basic activities is the act of eating. “Because of its necessity is sustaining life, the preparation and consumption of food has occupied a central place in the lives and shelters of humans beings since earliest time.” (Koontz and Dogwell 1994) In order to understand how human have developed, as “human history evolves alongside eating habits” (Uhri 2003) Natural materials such as bones, stones, leaves and trees were used as tools but over the course of time they developed various tools.Eating utensils is a hand used tools that enabled us to prepare, serve and eat food.
These eating tools has changed the taste of food and eating habits throughout the ages. Some of the tools were created and used over 500’000 years ago until today. Giving and example of Thailand and some of their basic eating etiquette. In the 19th century, Thais started to use spoon and fork. The fork is used to push the food onto the spoon and put the spoon into the mouth. By eating right off the fork shows an obvious lack of manners at the same level as putting a knife in your mouth would be for Europeans. But there are also a few exceptions, some Northern and Northeastern Thai dishes are typically eaten with hands; dishes with glutinous rice or sticky rice.
Other than that they mainly eat with spoon and fork.”Mechanization in industry meant the change from handicraft to machine work. It is use of machines to replace manual labor or animals”.
(Gieidon 1948) He defines mechanization as the period between the two world war, where the kitchen became increasingly mechanized at the time.In the 1920s, the household including the kitchen, bath and the other equipment overall mechanized and as it continues to grow more the demand of the ready cooked meal increased. This therefore turned the kitchen into mechanic places instead of social place in order to get the work done quickly and practically. This has then lead to reduct in size and loss its role as a central living space within home.(Maldonado 1987) With having less space in the kitchen, storage area also lessened. This has given a chance for the rise of multifunctional products to take over the spaces left instead of having many individual products.
Another fact that are also affecting the design of the kitchen and the development of tools and appliances are industrial revolution. Montagna (2005) explains the era known as industrial revolution, as a period in which fundamental changes occurred in agriculture, textile and metal manufacture, transportation, economic policies and the social structure. This period can be counted as a revolution by destroying the old manner of doing things by gradually changing conditions.There has been a major change that was affected by the industrial revolution like people’s lifestyles due to the changes of the economy, technology, mass production and mass consumption. Before the industrial era, it is assumed that a craftsman was producing one item in one hour; but after mass production, the machines started to produce one hundred or may be one thousand items in the same period of time.
The daily products started to be produced mechanically in big quantities. This change holds the roots for an evolution in product development process.It is “questioning our daily environment, creating new ideas and goods for some problems or something just for fun.”(Roenish and Conway 1987) According to Freidman (2003), he summaries design as solving problems, creating something new to transform a less desirable situation into a preferred situations. This also requires us as a designer to analyze and explain plus understand how things works and why.
Most importantly it should bring new tasks and innovation to the world.Simon Sinek, an analyst an a marketing expert said at his TED Talk that “people don’t buy what you do, but buy why you do it” “if they buy it because they like what we believe in and they feel they are part of us they will eventually become our royal customers ” Bhanu Inkawat”There are many ways an object can make you smile, familiarity, surprise, beauty, satisfaction, pride, simplicity, humor or wonder. If an object can stimulate a smile whilst or even because of performing its function, it is well designed.” He also added that “today we expect more from our objects than we used to, and that’s a good thing. We should expect a lot of the things that surround us,” says designer Sebastian Bergne.
Mokyr (1990) that the evolution is seen in daily tools. The word evolution has various but at the same time related meanings, when it is used its own area of expertise. “In their origins, tools were undoubtedly extensions of the hand, increasing their power, delicacy and subtlety”.(Heskett 1995) By this means the evolution of a new stage in design with the layering over the old instead of the new before.With the increasing of products today, some of them loses their use as users owned it more than they need, this causes it to be abundance when entering our lives.
The combining of products and their function gave a rise to the extent of multifunctional products, which gives products a starting point to change from being a single functioned to having a multiple function in one.The rise of multifunctional tools has been unavoidable after there is the need of doing many things at the same time, as these number of products are doing our work and making our lives easier each day. Ekels (1991) states that function refers to the purpose of product which is about the technical, ergonomic, aesthetic, semantic, business economic, social and other functions. They lead to the design specification. Papanek (1995) explains that since the 1970s it is seen how some tools and products have refined themselves, changed shape and in addition of new functions they become less expensive.Tasarim (2005) claims that multifunctional designs with additional functions provides more efficient use of space.
Products with new functions in itself is a result of enlarging the target consumer area. So the aim of multifunctional design is to respond to consumer needs to create a living.Technology has never stopped growing in the following centuries. “Neither nature nor history can lock a society forever in a dead-end technology.” (Mokyr 1990) It is not something out of our lives, in the other words it is in al areas of our life. Thence-force, technology is the most important factor that changes users habit, product life and our lives. As it develops, new production techniques are used, different materials are discovered and more efficient methods are used in the production.
As a result people meet new products and experience the new innovation each day.Dormer (1993) states that the relationship between design and technology is not one sided. Technology does tell the manufacturer what to produce nor the designer what to create. But instead give freedom to the designer to rework without dictating its own aesthetic.Kitchen equipment market is one of the growing markets across the globe.
It is expected to accelerate the market for kitchen equipment and appliances during 2014-2020 in the global market. According to the new report by Allied Market Research the global appliances market is expecting to collect $253.4 billion by 202. The growth of the kitchen appliances market is supplemented by rising disposable incomes, changing lifestyles, increasing in health concerns and services industry.
Due to the rising of the living standard, the customers are increasingly opting for modular kitchen set up for example. Companies like Electrolux and Whirlpool are the global leader in home appliances and kitchen appliances for professional and new functions are continuously being developed. In February 2015 Electrolux acquired one of the leading manufacturer of professional dishwashers-Shanghai Veetsan Commercial Machinery Co.Ltd; with the aim to enhance its product position in China.According to the of the kitchen appliances market, the key benefits is that it provides a detailed analysis of the current and future trends of the kitchen appliances.
This is to determine the overall attractiveness and to single out profit trends to gain a stronger foothold in the market. Consequently, the key players in the market are adopting product launch as their key developmental strategies so that the customer requirement is met plus the customer base would also increase.
