The topic of stem cells is something that is coming up more often in medical research and different news stories in the recent years.
Stem cells have three general properties to them. These properties include: they can divide and repairing themselves over long periods of time, they are not specialized, and they can regenerate themselves into other specialized cells. Stem cells are cells that have not yet decided what kind of adult cell they want to be.
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This means they can turn into anything and have any purpose. Along with becoming whatever kind of cell it wants to be, they can restore themselves and make two new stem cells from one single stem cell. This specific characteristic allows scientists to be able to manipulate the properties of these cells and change them into becoming a more specific adult cell that they need for that specific person. There are different types of stem cells but there are two broad types that are most common. These types are adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are the most controversial type. There are many differences between the two but the most obvious difference is where they come from.
Adult stem cells specifically come from tissues like blood, bone marrow or adipose (fat) tissue. The embryonic stem cells come from blastocysts in the developing embryos, or unborn offspring between the ages of five days to one month old. Another difference between the two is the embryonic stem cells can change into any type of cell in the body.
Opposing, adult stem cells are thought to be limited to differentiating into different types of their tissue of origin. This means that the adult cells that are taken from blood tissue can only regenerate into other blood tissue cells. The way these cells are extracted is another important part of the stem cell discussion around the world. The different types of stem cells are extracted from different parts of the body. Fat stem cells are taken from an area on the body that has a large amount of fat by using a needle.
Bone marrow stem cells are taken from the iliac crest by the use of a needle as well. Two needles are used to extract blood stem cells directly from the bloodstream. The first needle takes the blood and puts it into a centrifuge which is a rapidly spinning machine that separates the stem cells from the other blood components. The rest of the blood gets put through a warmer and goes back into the body by the use of the second needle. Through research scientist are finding many amazing uses for stem cells.
With advancements we are seeing how diseases suddenly arise and treatments for them. Scientist are also able to regenerate body parts and organs. They can regrow them in things called petri dishes, and then able to be re attached to the person who needs them later. Stem cells are also able to be programmed to eliminate some types of cancer cells. The cells used will not harm the body either unlike chemo.
There has been lots of research done to show how stem cells can benefit us with disease, regrowth, and with cancer cells. Some concerns though would be the ethics of stem cells. Stem cells are being extracted from embryonic cells. People who are prolife do not agree with takin
