TABLE OF CONTENTS1. Introduction 1.1 Thesis statement (what the proposed topic seeks to cover)1.
2 history of tax1.3 concept of tax (when, why, how and for what was tax collected)1.4 Need for tax havens (defining a tax haven)2. The birth of Tax-havens2.1 concept development2.2 Origin (as to how it all started)2.
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3 Characteristics and essential requirements 2.3.1 deciding factors(a) economic structure(b) Population (c) territorial jurisdiction 2.4 formulating existence of tax havens across the world (jurisdictions)3.
Quantification of wealth3.1 introduction (the past- with how much wealth in the offshore accounts did it start with and the present scenario)3.2 Lost Tax3.3 Public Debt4. The Working4.1 Offshore financing4.
2 CFC4.3 Conduit companies4.4 Beneficial owner5. The fight for tax havensThe Argument Affected parties (a) individual (b) businessmen (c) corporations (d) bureaucracy (e) GovernmentBeneficiaries6. The Scourge 6.1 Current scenario (Continuing emergence and growth of offshore finance)6.2 Hidden wealth (Source of such wealth/ money i.
e. whether from bribery or criminal activities or drug money)6.3 Permanent Establishment(a) Manipulation of the concept of PE(b) OECD & UN MTC 2017 / BEPS ACTION PLANS6.4 Exchange of Information7. The sovereign approach 7.1 national view to offshore finance (how the national government at large views the concept).
7.2 measures adopted (a) combat/overcome/minimize the white collar crime(b) regulatory framework (This shall include Harmful tax practices and measures to increase and encourage transparency and trade between nations).7.3 An attempt (introduction and formulation of DTAAs and Information exchange treaties)8. Case studies8.1 tax haven designated countries8.2 upcoming countries and their approach to combat the same and their position as of now.
9. A Novel approach10. Conclusion: A Boon or a Bane (an analysis as to where this money comes from and WHY this money is put off in tax havens or not declared. The nature of money. The source of money. And major cause for such arrangement.
)1. Introduction 1.1 Thesis statement (what the proposed topic seeks to cover)1.2 history of tax1.3 concept of tax (when, why, how and for what was tax collected)Need for tax havens (defining a tax haven)A tax haven is a state or territory in which corporate and personal tax rates are so low that foreign companies or individuals have incentives to establish shell companies to shield their income from higher tax liabilities at home.
2. The birth of Tax-havens2.1 concept development2.2 Origin (as to how it all started)2.
3 Characteristics and essential requirements 2.3.1 deciding factors(a) economic structure(b) Population (c) territorial jurisdiction 2.4 formulating existence of tax havens across the world (jurisdictions)5. The fight for tax havensTHE ARGUMENTFourth, one may be concerned that a positive shareholder reaction around the passage of TIEAs reflects that the employment of tax havens prevented something worse from happening, such as economic sanctions against the haven and/or firms engaged in the haven.3.
Quantification of wealth3.1 introduction (the past- with how much wealth in the offshore accounts did it start with and the present scenario)There is substantial evidence that tax havens are frequently used.(footnotes need to be used here) The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) estimates that USD $5–7 trillion was held offshore in 2007; PricewaterhouseCoopers speculates that USD $21–32 trillion was held offshore in 2012.
Seventy-five percent of Fortune 500 firms are active in tax havens, according to Citizens for Tax Justice. In early 2014, the press uncovered prominent tax schemes involving companies such as Apple and Starbucks(footnotes required). The Luxembourg Tax Leak, uncovered in late 2014(footnotes), illuminated the private arrangements of almost 400 large international companies with the Luxembourg tax authority to pay less than 1% in tax—the official Luxembourg corporate tax rate is 29%. While these schemes have been the subject of major policy debates in Europe, the United States has shown a strong interest in regulating the use of offshore tax havens ever since it first signed tax information exchange agreements (TIEAs) with tax havens in the early 2000s.3.2 Lost Tax3.3 Public DebtIn 1920 the world changed.
Public debt exploded, and the state vowed to compensate generously those who had suffered during the was and to pay for the retirement of veterans.
