Respiratory tract infection is characterized as respiratory tract disorder which develops due to infection with bacterial Pathogens or Viruses

Respiratory tract infection is characterized as respiratory tract disorder which develops due to infection with bacterial Pathogens or Viruses. Air quality is the main environmental factor of concern whereas other contributing risks factors such as tobacco smoke, solid fuel and crowded unhygienic living conditions. (Grayston et al., 1990).
Respiratory tract infection are classified in upper and lower respiratory infection. Some differentiation point exists between the upper and lower respiratory tracts.
The upper respiratory tract reflects, the airway, above the glottis or vocal cords, including nose, sinuses, pharynx and larynx (Bartlett, 1986). Bacteria, which causes the upper respiratory tract infection are Moraxella catarrhalis, Hemophilus influenza, Hemophilus para influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species Entereobacter, STiphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pneumonaie, Enterococcus (Osoagbaka & Njoku-Obi, 1982). Bacterial infections, mostly occur after a viral infection, such as a cold or the flu. Bacterial infections, may affect the upper or lower respiratory system, or both but symptoms appeared on particularly at one area (McIntosh et al., 1973). In upper respiratory system, sinuses and throat, are common sites for bacterial infections. Infection of the upper respiratory tract including tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, certain types of influenza, and the common cold (Gonzales et al., 2001). Symptoms of URIs include cough, runny nose, sore throat, headache, nasal congestion, facial pressure, low grade fever, and sneezing (Schor, 1993).
The lower respiratory tract reflects, the lower air way, including of the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and lungs. The lower respiratory tract is also called respiratory tree, describing structure of airway supplying air to the lungs. Pneumonia is the prime bacterial infection in lower respiratory infection.