People need memory to function in everyday life, to dress, eat, communicate and many other important things.
Atkinson and Shiffrin’s process theory that individuals pay attention to the information that is registered by senses, and the rest is lost through decay. The case of ‘KF’ is an example of how the brain can get damaged through trauma by having an accident his STM was damaged but LTM was normal, if obtainable, visually remembers words, as contrary to auditorily. There are two main models of memory the multi-storey memory and the working memory, this has provided psychologists with significant understandings and helped with the understanding of a functional normal memory.
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Atkinson and Shiffrin projected the multistore memory in (1968) in the STM only a tiny amount can be stored up to seven items, so that new information can be held for up to 30 seconds, if learned then it transmissions to LTM, according to the multi store model there are three memory stores, the sensory memory (SM) short term memory (STM) and the long-term memory (LTM). The sensory store transfers information to the STM its basically made up of 5 stores, one for each sense, sight, smell, hearing, taste, touch. Iconic store (images/ visual) echoic store (sound/auditory). Multi store model sees LTM as a dumping ground for information, and STM is a very important part of memory without its information cannot transfer to STM. According to George miller (1958) Around 7 plus or minus 2 chunks of information can be stored in the STM evidence suggests if chunking words together that demonstrate a meaning behind them it is proven to be more affective within the short-term memory. it is encoded primarily in a phonological format (by sound) it then remains there for 12-30 seconds without being rehearsed but with stop new information being stored.
An example of the STM getting damaged while the long-term memory was not affected is The KF case who was unfortunately in a motorbike accident suffered brain damage and damaged his short-term memory, his memory for visual was unaffected but his damage for verbal was affected. This shows that there are separate STM components for visual information, and verbal information. The working memory does not over highlight the importance of rehearsal for STM retaining, in disparity to the multistore model.
