Nigeria
By Colby Fordham
History
Nigeria was founded in 1914. Founding of Nigeria youth’s movement in 1936. Nigeria gained its independence from Britain in 1960. The oldest human skeleton has been dated back to 9,000 B.C. Nigerians have been living in Nigeria since 11,000 B.C. Founders of Nigeria Obafemi Awolowo, Nhamdi Azikie, and Ahmada Bello. Nigeria has a lot of historic empires and cultures compared to other countries in Africa. The greatest and the well-known empire that ruled the region before the British arrived was the Benin Empire whose ruler was known as Oba of Benin. Other tribes such as the Nri Kingdom also settled in the country, especially on the Eastern side.
The Songhai Empire also settled in some of the country’s territory. By the 11th century, Islam had arrived in Nigeria via the Hausa States. In 1851, the British forces seized Lagos, which was later annexed officially in 1861. In 1901, Nigeria was made a British protectorate and was colonized until 1960, when the country gained independence. In 1963, Nigeria became a republic but fell under military rule in 1966 as a because of a coup defeat.
In 1967, the Republic of Biafra was formed and this led to the three-year Nigerian Civil War. The country became a republic again in 1979 after a new constitution was drafted. The Republic, however, did not last for long because the military under the leadership of Major General Muhammadu Buhari seized the country four years later. A new republic was formed in August 1993 after Buhari was overthrown but was once again dissolved in November the same year by General Sani Abacha who passed on in 1998, leading to the creation of the fourth republic in 1999.
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Government
Nigeria has the Federal Republic for its government. The president is Muhammada Buhari. The capital is Abuja. Nigeria has 36 states and 1 territory administering the capital city Abuja. National symbols of Nigeria are the eagle; National colors are green and white. National Holiday- Independence day October 1, 1960. Nigeria’s current constitution, the fourth since independence, went into effect on May 29, 1999. Critics of the constitution complain that the federal government retains too much power at the expense of the states. Although the constitution proclaims personal freedom and a secular state, it also permits Muslims to follow sharia or Islamic law.
Economics
Nigeria’s main economic source is oil. Nigeria Agriculture products cocoa, peanuts, cotton, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava, yams, rubber, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, timber, and fish. Nigeria produces 2 million barrels of oil per year. Nigeria has a very high unemployment rate. GDP per capita 5,900. One of the largest Sub Saharan Africa’s economics and relies heavily on oil as its main source of foreign exchange earnings and government revenues.
Culture
The major languages in Nigeria are English, Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, Fulani, and over 500 indigenous languages. The population of Nigeria is 190,632,261. Nigeria has more than 250 ethnic groups. The main religions in Nigeria are Islam, Christianity, and traditional African religions. They have a football team. One food that they eat is Deep fried battered yams.
Traditional culture and dresses, in the north, women wear long flowing robes and headscarves, though they rarely cover their faces. In the south, women may choose to wear Western-style clothes for everyday wear, often buying cheap second-hand items in markets. However, on Sunday, most women in the south will put on their best traditional clothes and headdresses. These are frequently made from locally produced and dyed fabrics. In the southern states, the majority of Nigerians are Christian, while some groups continue to practice indigenous beliefs. Most people will attend church on a Sunday.
Physical Geography/Climate
Location of Nigeria western Africa bordering The Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon. Climate- varies equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in the north. Nigeria occupies a land area measuring 356,700 square miles. The tallest mountain in Nigeria is Chappal Waddi, which rises 7,936. Terrain- Southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in the north.
The highest point in Nigeria is 2,419 m. Temperatures across the country is relatively high with a very narrow variation in seasonal and diurnal ranges (22-36t). There are two basic seasons; the wet season which lasts from April to October; and the dry season, which lasts from November until March. The dry season commences with Harmattan, a dry chilly spell that lasts until February and is associated with lower temperatures, a dusty and hazy atmosphere brought about by the Northeasterly winds blowing from the Arabian Peninsula across the Sahara.
The second half of the dry season, February – March, is the hottest period of the year when temperatures range from 33 to 38 degrees Celsius. The extremes of the wet season are felt on the southeastern coast where annual rainfall might reach a high of 330cm; while the extremes of the dry season, in aridity and high temperatures, are felt in the northern third of the country.
Random Facts
Most Populous Country in Africa. More than 250 ethnic groups. Christianity and Islam are the two major religions. Niger River largest river in West Africa. One of the oldest locations of human existence. Home of Nollywood. Largest diversity of Butterflies. Has the longest bridge in Africa. Largest producers of Crude oil.
Capital of Nigeria- Abuja
Major Cities
Lagos
Kano
Abuja
Ibadan
Major bodies of water
Niger River
Benue River
Oguta Lake
Lake Chad
Major Physical Features
Gurara Waterfall
Jos Plateau
Sahara Desert
Shebshi Mountains
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84107620Nigeria
0Nigeria
-30252353215Summer Olympic medals 17.
Government Federal Republic.
Capital Abuja
Agricultural land 762,000 sq.km.
Farm workers 12.29 million.
Population 174.5 million.
GDP per capita $2,334.26 per capita.
Summer Olympic medals 17.
Government Federal Republic.
Capital Abuja
Agricultural land 762,000 sq.km.
Farm workers 12.29 million.
Population 174.5 million.
GDP per capita $2,334.26 per capita.
3965479137687United States
Summer Olympic medals 2,116.
Farm workers 2.67 million.
Population 316.67 million.
Capital- Washington D.C.
GDP per capita 45,759.46.
Has more terrorism than Nigeria.
United States
Summer Olympic medals 2,116.
Farm workers 2.67 million.
Population 316.67 million.
Capital- Washington D.C.
GDP per capita 45,759.46.
Has more terrorism than Nigeria.
1918862155611Similarities
Have two Navy corvette ships.
Both have written constitution.
Both have fundamental human rights.
Both have three branches of government.
Similarities
Have two Navy corvette ships.
Both have written constitution.
Both have fundamental human rights.
Both have three branches of government.
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Bibliography
Sources
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ni.htmlwww.focus-economics.comwww.africaneconomicoutlook.orgCountries of the world book
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_NigeriaTextbook
