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Gregor Johann Mendel Gregor Mendel was one of the first people in the history of science todiscover genetics. He independently discovered his work and lived in Brunn,Czechoslovakia. In Brunn he was a monk and later the Abbot of the church inBrunn. While he was in Brunn he performed many experiments with garden peas.With the information he observed he wrote a paper where he described thepatterns of inheritance in terms of seven pairs of contrasting traits thatappeared in different pea-plant varieties. All of the experiments he performedutilized the pea-plant, which in this case is the basis of the experiment.Mendels work was reported at a meeting of the Brunn Society for the Study ofNatural Science in 1865, and was published the following year. Mendels paperpresented a completely new and unique documented theory of inheritances, but itdid not lead immediately to a cataclysm of genetic research. The scientists whoread his papers of complex theories, dismissed it because it could be explainedin such a simple model. He was rediscovered by Hugo de Vries in The Netherlands,Carl Correns in Germany, and Evich Tschermak in Austria all at the same timeafter 1900. They named the units Mendel described “genes.” When the gene has aslighty different base sequence it is called an “allele.”
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Mendel also developed 3 laws or principles. The first principle iscalled the, “Principle of Segregation.” This principle states that the traits ofan organism are determined by individual units of heredity called genes. Bothadult organisms have one allele from each parent, which gives both organisms 2alleles. The alleles are separated or “segregated” from each other with thereproductive cell formation. Mendel’s second principle is the, “Principle ofindependent assortment.” This principle states that the expression of a gene for
