Practical Skills Angela Adroni
An investigation to see if there is a difference between Type A and B personalities and their Physiological response to a mildly stressful activity.
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1.0 Abstract(150)
The investigation has examined the causes of stress among the armed forces personnel toward mild stress activity. Furthermore, the difference in the performance of both the personality types has been studied. The relationship between stress and performance among armed forces personnel with regards to personality type A and type B mainly has been investigated.
1.1 Introduction (600)
Type A personalities are more anxious, impartial and higher risk of heart disease and high blood pressure compared to type B. They are competitive and self-critical, they strive toward their goals without feeling any joy in their endeavours. Easily over react and wound up, they are in continuous struggle with time and they are at times impatient and may do more than one thing at once; For example, reading while watching Television. They easily get angry and they always see the worst in others, envious and lack compassion. Type B personality, people are more tolerant of others, relaxed and flexible and patient they would not mind waiting in a queue, they are more reflective. They are obsessively competitive, when they compete it is always worthwhile. They work very well under stress, they also plan before they do anything they plan before they do things. They are laid back and unusually frustrated. The experiment will test whether personnel are either type A and B personalities and if their pulse changes or stays constant when plotting the dot to dot picture, t he expectation is that very few will have increased pulse rate.
1.2 Aim
The practical report is to investigate the difference between the type A and B personalities and to verify the results to a slightly stressful task.
2.0 Hypotheses
The following hypotheses was formulated;
H1: There will be significant positive relationship between personality type A and mild stress in armed forces personnel.
H2: There will be significant positive relationship between personality Type B and stress in armed forces personnel. The hypotheses was set on to see a differences between the level of stress with relaxed and patient individuals as relaxed people are considered to handle stressful activity better. This current study is supposed to show the difference in stress of individuals verifying their personalities there is a general assumption that type B personality is more relaxed. The independent variable is the pulse rate that changed in the experiment which was measured using a dot to dot picture plot; the dependent variable is the Type A and B personalities measured using a questionnaire.
Conceptual frame work
H1
H2
3.0 Method(600)
3.0 Method
i. Design
An investigation to find the difference between type A and type B personalities. Type A personalities are impatient and very irrational and type b are patient and laid back individuals. A questionnaire was used to find out the personalities, it was filled in by the participants. After the questionnaire the results showed that there is a difference between the personalities types. The only drawback was getting the questionnaires f
There were two independent variables was years or 60-70 years old. The dependent variable was difference between personalities type A and B, defined as the pulse rate, that it took a participant to fill a questionnaire and dot to dot picture while pulse rate was taken.
ii.Participants
A total 20 armed forces workers were participants in this study. The sample for this study included 20 Royal Air Force professionals, consisting of Medics, Chefs, Stewards they were picked at random. The questionnaires were distributed to 30 respondents. But some were not returned and a few were incomplete, finally making the sample size of 20. The sample consisted of 10 males and 10 females; 2 were married while 18 were unmarried, they were chosen at random, the distribution of the participants according to their age group is as follows: 16 in 18–25 years, 4 in 26–33 years. The type A personality (m 100.3, 31.4 SD ), type B personality (m 86.4, SD) The sample consisted of 4 Medics, 5 Chefs, 11 Stewards. The study was conducted during Feb-2015, three participants declined to do the exercise. The participants did not know the aim and the purpose of the investigation.
iii. Apparatus
The Friedman and Roseman Personality Questionnaire was used to investigate the personalities of the participants, a dot to dot picture was used to plot to check for missing number and help with the pulse rate, a stop watch to record pulse rate , pen and data recording sheet to write down the results that were found.
iv Standardised Procedure
The investigator’s role was to achieve the objective of the study by providing a questionnaire for the participants to fill, brief the participants of what the investigation is about and be able to see and understand the results and explain them to the participants , a questionnaire was designed to collect the information from the participants. The invsetigation was done from 13.00hrs to 14.00hrs each of the time. The participants were to f The questionnaire was framed to collect personal information of the participants and solicited information on the personality type of armed forces professionals. In the present study, the number of respondents belonging to personality type A was 6 and personality type B was 14. The missing number was framed to identify the little bit of stress among participants, with stressful situation questionnaire. The test was done in a quiet room with no and interruption . The variable that will remain the same to make the test comfortable and not stressful, it , the pulse was measured for 15 seconds and multiplied by 4 at the start of dot to dot picture plot and waited until they could not find missing number, take pulse again, asked them to continue and finish the dot to dot plotting, when the participant is finished, take pulse again.
V Controls
Vi Results
Identification with management, being posted or going away on exercise for long periods of time, and job criticism happened to be the basis of stress. Considerable difference between personality type A and personality type B personnel’s’ feedback connected to identification going away on exercise or being posted only has been expressed. However, type A people displayed lightly more preference in comparison to type B personnel on most stressful activity. It was further observed that type A personnel had scored more on nearly all the performance indicators as compared to personality type B individuals. The mean difference between the personality types was found to be significant for two performance dimensions, i.e., relationship with colleagues. The mean score in the personality type A was significantly greater than the mean score in the type B (SD) and this difference was significant t(20)=4.38,piˆ?0.5)
Vii Descriptive statistics
Independent mean t test was performed . This shows that participants type A personality pulse rate raised significantly than those with type B personality (t(20)=3.65,piˆ?001
Type A Personality
Type B Personality
Total
702
1296
N
2
4
Mean
100.3
86.4
Median
100
84
Mode
100
84
Range
26
36
SD
31.4
31.4
Viii Inferential Statistics
4.0 Discussion (600 words)
Most of the participants became very agitated, stressed and angry at the experimenter. Many continued to follow orders all the time even though they were clearly uncomfortable. The study shows that people are able to stress out even if ordered not to do so. It shows that the situation is far more important than previously believed, and that personal characteristics are less important in such a situation.
4.1 Explanation of findings
The study found the differences in pulse rate between the type A and Bpersonalities. However, there are a number of factors that need to be considered in evaluating the findings of present research. Although the observed differences in personalities type A and B claiming pulse rate were absolute terms , both personalities were comparatively quick to have change in pulse rate.
4.2 Relationships to back ground research
4.3 Limitations and modifications The recent study shows stress in type A and type B personalities can be influenced by the environment, it remains to be determined whether these differences hold true situations. The maximum difference inn latency between the participants were in a hurry during the investigation because it was during work’s time or their breaks. Some participants did not want to take part because they did not want to fill out qustionnairs and some did not return the questionnaires, a small number of participants did not react as expected to the stimulus. In the questionnaires had equal qualities and it made it hard to allocate them to either type A or B personalities. The problem with study was that most chefs and medics were on leave or deployed compared to stewards therefore had less participants or stewards had more time to finish the questionnaire and calmer during the dot to dot picture.
4.4 Implications and Suggestions for further research
Should put more care in ensuring that participants are well matched on any factors for example, studying other trades like Pilots which might have a significant effect on their stress level or pulse rate.
5.0 Conclusion
In final analysis, to help improve the ability to cope well with stress if it was long term, people are encouraged to use leisure time to find social interests to help them cope.
6.0 References
simply psychology(2015)psychology.[Online] Available at http://simplypsychology.org[Accessed 16 Feb 2015]
my market research methods(2015)psychology.[Online] Available at http://mymarketresearchmethods.com/descriptive-inferential-statistics-difference[Accessed 16 Feb 2015
holah.co.uk(2015)psychology.[Online] Available at http://holah.co.uk/investigations/correlation[Accessed 16 Feb 2015]
science buddies(2015)project variables.[Online] Available at http://sciencebuddies.org/sciencefairprojects/project_variables[Accessed 11 Apr 2015]
Appendices
Table 1: Raw data table showing personality score and pulse rates
Type A Personality
Type B personality
Participant
Number
Personality
score
PR1
PR2
PR3
Participant
number
Personality
Score
PR1
PR2
PR3
1
30
76
104
100
7
-28
96
100
92
2
24
100
108
92
8
-30
62
80
60
3
28
60
84
96
9
-26
100
104
100
4
27
90
96
100
10
-28
76
80
84
5
28
72
100
100
11
-27
96
100
76
6
28
100
110
104
12
-26
80
84
80
7
28
90
100
100
13
-30
60
72
62
14
-28
100
104
96
15
-30
72
84
92
16
-25
62
72
68
17
-26
64
68
60
18
-28
76
76
70
19
-30
80
84
76
20
-27
100
104
100
21
-30
80
84
80
General consideration and style
