Communication’ has a lot of meaning to us as we cannot find a single society, state, or country as it is needed for making connection with each other, and each of the state, society, group need to communicate for fulfuling demand of everyday life. Mainly it is a two way process of transferring messages, data, information, ideas or thought and so on happen between sender and receiver. This entire assignment will be follow up the details of different theories in communication method, reviewing methods, of different strategies to support them, how to show respect user beliefs, traditional thought and to focus on effectiveness about new ideas of Information communication tools and its advancement process, different legislations about this and see the results of ICT application in this sector of care.
1.1 Relevant theories in social and health care:
Practically we can see different kind of theories which can be apply in this study trends. These are classified as Behaviourist theory, operant theory, cognitive; and social learning theory.
A. Behaviourist theory suggests us it is the basis of ideas that should be acquired through conditioning. Responses to surrounding environmental stimuli shape our behaviour which is mainly shaped our contemporary ideas and thoughts. Say for example we Mr. AB Bandra (fictive name) he is sick (diarrhoea) and feeling bad. Firstly we consider his surrounding areas what can be the fact for his particular situation of disease. That should be considering by specialist point of view on his environmental side (by doctor, nurse).
B. Operant theory shows us two enforcement ways which can be define as a positive and negative resulted according to service provided. In what sorts of service make the people confident that is first case of how client are happy and what service is given by the professional people and in what situation negative feedback come from the client that are dealing with this thoughts.
C. Social learning theory is an observation of someone behaviour which is achieved through social values, beliefs, life style, etc. is to be define from the entire social point of perspective.
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1.2 Use communication skills in health and social care:
We already have idea in the practically which is mainly depend on a two way system to transfer information or data are being shared between sender and receiver. In most of the stage allow us to interact with other people and help us to build a tie. When messages are being transmit via the TV channel it is obviously tells us what is involving here. Listening is main concern for TV show, drama, movie, etc. we also know that the combine communication skills involved are listening, questioning, paraphrasing, reflecting, explanation, summarising, and mentioning. So a good communication happen when a person or sender and receiver involves with each other to get their needs done. Say for scenario like when a doctor is not listen what patient is saying, he/ she might feel upset because of less attention to the client. In my work place, we are very attentive so that we feel we are providing best care to client. A good doctor-client participative communications has the potential to help the patient’s and facilitates better mental caring of the service user.
Good listening includes learning new method of communication, tools, techniques, paying deep attention to client, no argument or dispute with client, paying no attention to criticism but taking it as a way of developing tactics, bilingual qualification and interpreter facilities in care setting may boosting the good will of this care service field.
1.3 Review the methods of dealing with inappropriate interpersonal communication between individuals in health and social care.
When we see different staffs are working together to get the best result for the interest of whole unit target or partnership basis that kind of working relationship happen within interpersonal connection to share their views, skills, experiences, etc. Also involving any verbal, non-verbal, informal-formal communication methods have to establish by aiming of job finishing. The interpersonal theory can be helpful for this case in where social learning includes social exchange of views, skills, technology there to self-satisfaction and maximising outcome by removing the acute lack of factors. Say for example, when a doctor is talking with client with positive mind and again and again reassurance to patient then we can see the result is very positive as the client feeling peace in mind. So doctor and nurse must or other professional like support worker should engage themselves in best interconnected person while providing care to the service user. If we look at the reduction theory of communicating with client, it must tell us something about this issue which is the complete understanding about other people that develop also interpersonal skill or communication boundaries. The doctor and nurse are considered under this category. In the popular video about social care learner in the induction session shows that an elderly patient was being neglected and mistreated by professional staff. The care worker should have listen and help the client by hoist to place into toilet commode because she needs to use toilet. The care assistance should be given on how to take care of dementia elderly people or client
1.4 Analyse the use of strategies to support users of health and social care services with specific communication needs.
In our social and health care study, we can find the various strategies are there in practice by laws and regulations provided by the government guidance and authority. It is important to have knowledge about the entire strategies of communication method and we have to use the variety of strategies to communicate for overcoming the barrier which is very important to understand, learn and be sensitive to the needs of service user preferences. For those who are in disability group of individual used specific forms of interaction such as non-verbal communication, sign language, lip reading, slang expression, choice of room or location for conversation. Strategies are in that place practicing under the care guidance policy and government authorised people. Like as visual problem are address by glass or touching them indicate where this is need to be place for their comfortableness.
So the strategies of supporting individuals include the followings:
New technique like technological development tools, singed language specialist, lip reading specialist, body expression specialist, facial expression, translator, interpreter, bilingual staff, etc. can show us the best option to practice in caring settings.
We always make sure there is no assumption, stereotyping, using jargon, slang, or dialect are happening in practical care premises.
In our daily social activity, there is an existence of social customs, cultural values, religious beliefs and multi-faith traditional custom practices which is followed and nurtured by client. So theses factors need a great attention by care worker and care practices when carer provides service to the service user. So those are following in next lines.
2.1 Explain how the communication process is influenced by values and cultural factors
Whenever we see a different ethnic service user then we need to be very careful to them in respect of their cultural customs, belief system, and traditions. A care worker has a duty to respect all of this fact. When a different beliefs are violated or ignored people react to it by the means of anger and emotionally. In regard to the case of Jessie, the nurse did not understand her culture therefore she violated the violated the trust Jessie had in her mind. Jessie is from a Chinese cultural oriented so the facial expression is very important they may smile when discussing something sad or uncomfortable (Irespect,2014). As a health care worker it is very important to be competence in understand the way of communicating verbal or non-verbal to people of different cultural origin. Valuing diversity measure in social care sector will enrich our own life and to be open to other people’s life experience and it become more flexible and creative because as a care worker can imagine other people see things (Moonie,2000).
So diversity of our community should be treated in a professional manner.
2.2 Explain how legislation, charters and codes of practice impact on the communication process in health and social care.
Law, charters and legislations is in place to ensure every procedure of caring client and also similarly followed by organisation under the compliance of laws. So it is a set of laws that are made by government which regulate the care settings.
An example of is the Data Protection Act 1998 controls how an individual’s personal information is used by organisation, business or the government (gov.uk 2018). Every carer is responsible of using client data in a strict way to follow the data protection principles. Confidentiality is that kind of law which is most needed policy to apply in health and care settings. i.e., computer, paper or visually audio recorded data about a client should not be disclosed to anyone without prior to the assent of the service user. As a professional of caring we need to follow requirement which is protecting the patient information in safe or out of malpractices.
Low or poor understanding of law can lead discrimination and disempowerment of service user will result into care organisation getting bad feedback which can move forward the care provider to close down. Understanding the appropriate codes, law, rules and charters will affect how the health services is being delivered to the public. As care worker and professional we have the duty to obey the laws and encourage, maintain safe working practices that promote choices, dignity and respect (Michie, V2007).
2.3 Analyse the effectiveness of organisational system and policies in promoting good practice in communication.
In this social care and health settings must have system to ensure principles and requirement need to follow systematically applied to promote operative policies in communication (Anon,2014). The hospital should have a proper system to ensure all the policies and code of practices is being carried out throughout the organisation. However the “Governance system of the hospital should protect the interest of service user. Every health care staff should be able to follow all these laws and service users should be fully protected. This can be done through monitoring, spot checking and training. To be compliance to the policies and code of practices annual appraisal for all care worker. Information strategy is also important in order to follow policies and laws which is authorised and it would prevent of fear consequences. In the Jessie case, the receptionist, and the doctor may not get the appropriate information about Jessie which lead to mitigate the communication. We should have taking into account the confidentiality policy which is using the organisation should “make sure that information is only shared with the appropriate people in appropriate circumstances, care must be taken to check they have a legal basis for access to the information before releasing it”(Anon, 2014)
Therefore effectiveness should ensure the quality service to the client always.
2.4 Suggest ways of improving the communication process in a health and social care settings.
We can see so many ways to communicate to client through verbal and non-verbal, use of aids such as use of sign, and symbols, singed languages, written communication, pictures and use of communication technological aids. In order to improve the way a care worker can communicate they would have to go through training and workshop, also they would have to realise, apply effective non-verbal communication; they would have to be aware different cultural orientation as well.
A health care worker should be a active listener, clarify it and reflect on what the person is saying. An bilingual staff should be very helpful for the organisation or otherwise by employing interpreter or translator can meet this issue.
All the policies, confidentiality, applying of data protection act, codes, all mandatory skills is also provided to care worker. Information should be used proactively, and it should only be discuss in a suitable place that is away from others e.g. families, friends or visitor.
LO3 Be able to explore the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in health and social care.
3.1 Access and use standard ICT software packages to support work in health and social care.
There is some easy software designed to work for health and social carer, this can use is as following of software.
?spreadsheet,
?PowerPoint,
? Analysing data base,
? word processor,
? monitor and
Electronic logbook, recording something etc, Can be very helpful for care staff.
3.2Anayse the benefits of Using ICT in health and social care for the service user, care worker and care organisation.
The use of ICT in social and health care settings have so many benefits to carer, client and even for care providing organisation such as follows—
? It is easy, fast, accurate and reliable when found the efficiency applied by a good handler.
? It can provide us information of client about individualised care through communication way of tools and develop good connection. It also support management of resources and improve the quality of care being delivered (Hiney, G.2014). let me give an example of software electronic health record (EHR) which can be use in a logbook writing and put all the data in a one unique system in relation to the client and care provider. Patients history, preferences and medical record such as prescriptions, pulse rate, breathing and respiration can be found in a one software. But only one things need to be very carefully about handling of the patient data so that might not have use by an unauthorised people and need to data recovery, backup system in case of wiping or stolen computer.
It can potentially put your organisation at risk if you do not follow privacy protocols to an exacting degree (Systems,2014)
Many hospital use digital technology rather than films to take store and share X-ray and other clinical images. Paramedics in some places carry special adapted and robust laptops in their ambulances. Patients suffering from head and neck cacers can now benefit from electronic speech aids. Diabetic patient can use device take their reading. It also improve the drug management in the home using low tech remainders (Anon,2014).
3.3 Analyse now legal consideration in the use of ICT impact and social care.
In the application of ICT using in health and social care is under control by government law and policy. Using ICT can have an impact on us as an individual such as upper limb which is cause by poor posture, repetitive strain injury which refers to pain in the arms when working on computer and eye strain due to staying at the computer for longer. The employee have a legal duty under the Health and Safety at Work 1974 to ensure, so far is reasonably practicable the health and safety of employee ( Aldeworht,2007). As an employee we should ensure that our own action do not create any health and safety risk, do not ignore significant risk at the workplace and take sensible action to report things that is not right and danger to others (Anon,2014).
Personal information can be store on the computers so that data protection act 1998 are put in place to protect the client.
Computer Misuse act 1990 aimed at combating various forms of deliberate misuse of computer system (so called hacking). Penalties include fines and custodial sentences for unauthorised access (Lboro,2014). Also it we can see the Display Screen Equipment regulations 1992 aims to protect the health of people who work with DSA such as computer (HSE, 2014)
Because of misusing about Information technology we are coming across with some laws in daily.
So it can be part of all agencies, care professional and non-professionals performances in health care have a duty to provide quality care services.
