Childhood Vaccinations: Health Promotion and Disease ControlBianca Y. Miller
Springfield Technical Community College
Vaccination is a term used to describe the act of introducing an antigen into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease. Immunity refers to the body’s ability to protect itself from infection and disease by pathogens. Vaccines may contain inactive, weakened, or live forms of pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. However, they do not cause disease. When vaccines are administered, the body responds by producing antibodies to counteract the antigen, which leads to immunity. This form of immunity is known as adaptive, or acquired immunity. Natural immunity afforded to an individual at birth is known as innate immunity. Unlike adaptive immunity, innate immunity is nonspecific. Therefore, it offers minimal protection against infectious disease. For this reason, childhood vaccination has become a public health imperative.
From a historical perspective, immunizations are a relatively new medical intervention. As early as the turn of the last century, prevention of disease with the use of immunization was unheard of. The use of vaccinations has existed for more than two centuries. The very first vaccination use dated back to the 1700s when Edward Jenner tested it on a little boy. “Edward Jenner is well known around the world for his innovative contribution to immunization and the ultimate eradication of smallpox” (Reidel). The first vaccinations were developed to prevent diseases such as polio and smallpox, progressing to prevention of Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Tetanus and chicken pox. Virulent and debilitating diseases such as Smallpox and Polio, which particularly affected children, have been systematically eliminated worldwide. Influenza, which decimated the world population in the epidemic of 1918, is now widely immunized against, and multiple efforts throughout the world are made to identify the most virulent strains and immunize against them. Over the last century, more immunizations have been developed. We can now immunize against certain types of meningitis, and pneumonia, as well as shingles and human papilloma virus.
In the modern society, the use of vaccines has become a vital part in every person’s life. Infants were started on their regimen of vaccines early in their lives. Newborn babies are vaccinated at birth and are required to get specific vaccines before entering public schools. According to the National Vaccine Information Center, states have specific vaccination requirements for children entering public schools. Based on their age, certain doses of a vaccine become mandatory for them to be promoted onto the next grade level.
Parents were unquestioning in their acceptance of the authority and judgments of the physicians and practitioners who administered those immunizations. Though this process has become very common, many people still have concerns about the risks and side effects that comes along with it. Recently People connected the use of vaccinations to the increase of health problems with the new generations. Many are afraid that it may lead to future health complications that may eventually lead to death.
Although people may have concerns about the uses of vaccines. people should acknowledge the fact that not only does vaccines provide benefits for individuals themselves but it also provides benefits and protection for the community and future generations. Vaccinations are extremely cost effective, safe, provides herd immunity, and it helps to eradicate deadly diseases. the numbers of those who die or are disabled due to diseases preventable by immunization have steadily declined. We encourage the infants to keep immunizations up to date. with all these advantages, people should always get vaccinated whenever possible.
These immunizations have been, and remain subsidized by the state and federal governments to ensure that no child is deprived.
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